cost of supervising a building project in nigeria

endobj /P 10 0 R endobj /K 11 >> /Lang (EN-GB) /P 461 0 R 207 0 obj /Kids [19 0 R 20 0 R 21 0 R 22 0 R 23 0 R 24 0 R] uuid:bbc45c1e-14a2-4045-8453-adcf2766d173 /Lang (EN-GB) /CropBox [0.0 0.0 595.2 841.92] /Pg 17 0 R /K 33 /P 471 0 R endobj << But make sure you don't stretch your budget to the limit. >> /P 471 0 R 103 0 obj /ColorSpace << >> 104 0 obj /Lang (EN-GB) /Pg 21 0 R /Pg 20 0 R /Pg 20 0 R /Pg 23 0 R /S /P endobj /Lang (EN-GB) /StructParents 1 95 0 R 96 0 R 97 0 R 98 0 R 99 0 R 100 0 R 101 0 R 102 0 R 103 0 R 104 0 R This article reports the results of an investigative study on cost overruns for ongoing building projects in Abuja. /F11 366 0 R Construction work is expected to cost $1.9 billion. * Manage the cost of construction projects from pre-contract to post-contract stages. /P 10 0 R Lagos Badagry Expressway Expansion Project. /P 417 0 R /StructParents 5 <(@6_\BK 9gD|DnnM$mvYY@\D~v)JC^L\m1sF"|L0x,IvXoi^3N*bOS:q5(g%9Bgc@KGM+h(xY)V47Fha >> 20 0 obj /CropBox [0.0 0.0 595.2 841.92] >> /S /P endobj 0000052497 00000 n /P 503 0 R << << << Choices are varied for indoor or outdoor furniture. << endobj endobj /Nums [0 [25 0 R 26 0 R 27 0 R 28 0 R 29 0 R 30 0 R 31 0 R 32 0 R 33 0 R 34 0 R endobj endobj However, getting a building constructed can be very easy if you dedicate enough time to your project and follow the necessary steps to completion of your project, with proper coordination of the personnels involved. /StructParents 9 /S /LBody /S /P /K 125 %PDF-1.4 /Pg 16 0 R /Lang (EN-GB) 2. |T4) Fy0jXTm]ntE2V@O! /S /P Its good to hear from you. /TT2 356 0 R endobj It may ruin your plans and you may land in a problem with which you have to incur greater cost of solving, than seeking professional advice. 302 0 obj >> /Lang (EN-GB) 108 0 obj /K 0 endobj >> /P 10 0 R endobj 270 0 R 102 0 R 271 0 R 272 0 R 273 0 R 274 0 R 275 0 R 276 0 R 277 0 R 278 0 R Two of the expressways lanes are intended to be exclusively used by theLagos Bus Rapid Transit System. /Pg 23 0 R 102 0 obj /P 10 0 R 147 0 obj /CS0 [/ICCBased 353 0 R] Here are the largest construction projects in Nigeria and their value. >> A builder should be concerned with monitoring and evaluating the construction project. /A 511 0 R /Lang (EN-GB) >> x}7 C,jN%{hCZj4?%Hfg[d0FWwWOo7Wl~Fn6o?S_mz]}[;oo_]ovf5Nqzwmool=m|g;`R-|{6[v_C;&;-fLkfjls}H_k endobj /Lang (EN-GB) /S /P 101 0 obj << /Rotate 0 /P 462 0 R << /K 5 >> /TT4 361 0 R 99 0 obj There are 3 stages of payment. /Lang (EN-GB) /Pg 20 0 R << << . /Im1 369 0 R >> 135 /P 10 0 R endobj >> 189 0 obj >> /Pg 17 0 R << 289 0 obj << >> endobj >> 94 0 obj <> /P 453 0 R /K 11 /TT4 360 0 R << endobj /Pg 21 0 R << /S /P >> /Pg 24 0 R /P 10 0 R 64 0 obj /Count 11 /K 23 endobj <> /P 460 0 R 279 0 R 280 0 R 281 0 R 282 0 R 283 0 R 284 0 R 285 0 R 286 0 R 287 0 R 288 0 R /Tabs /S 68 0 obj 174 0 obj >> /Pg 14 0 R /S /P /P 431 0 R endobj @/Kk!XThC0 << >> /K [393 0 R 394 0 R 395 0 R 396 0 R 397 0 R] << /S /P << 0000000016 00000 n /P 485 0 R /ColorSpace << Also, the repetitive Works Fees calculation (%) has changed.Now, it is: /Pg 24 0 R <>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/MediaBox[ 0 0 595.32 841.92] /Contents 4 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S/StructParents 0>> /Pg 20 0 R /S /P /K 54 /TT0 363 0 R << /MediaBox [0.0 0.0 595.2 841.92] endobj 199 0 obj >> meet the requirement. /Lang (EN-GB) >> /K 67 >> Work is underway that will bring the total length to 1500 meters and the number of berths to six. << This is according to the Africa Construction trends 2019. /S /P . /K 107 /Pg 24 0 R 3. /Pg 15 0 R /S /S /Contents 379 0 R >> /P 452 0 R /P 447 0 R /S /P /Pg 20 0 R /Strikeout /Span << >> /TT2 375 0 R /Company () Dont hesitate to ask for discounts as you will be shocked by the amount of money that will be returned to you. >> /P 455 0 R >> /P 10 0 R /Pg 17 0 R /K 21 0000003817 00000 n /K 23 << null null null 337 0 R null null null 338 0 R null null /Count 1 << 8 [null null 293 0 R null null 109 0 R 294 0 R 295 0 R 296 0 R 297 0 R /K 399 0 R /Lang (EN-GB) >> /P 10 0 R 252 0 R 253 0 R 254 0 R 255 0 R 256 0 R 257 0 R 258 0 R 259 0 R 260 0 R 99 0 R] 1 Comment. << /P 462 0 R The Service is limited to the supervision of the construction project does not include the procurement of goods and so on - the other. /S /P << stream Next 10=50%. << endobj /S /P /K [416 0 R 417 0 R 418 0 R 419 0 R 420 0 R] /S /P /Pg 21 0 R endobj /S /P >> >> /K 15 endobj /P 454 0 R /P 459 0 R /Lang (EN-GB) /P 454 0 R 92 0 obj /Parent 9 0 R endobj /S /P /Pg 22 0 R /P 10 0 R /Pg 20 0 R /Lang (EN-GB) /K 4 /S /P /Pg 22 0 R endobj 111 0 obj /Pg 24 0 R /Lang (EN-GB) /P 445 0 R 152 0 R 153 0 R 154 0 R 155 0 R 156 0 R 157 0 R 158 0 R 159 0 R 160 0 R 161 0 R 299 0 obj endobj 231 0 obj /P 474 0 R ZMP+lzQP#(\( [fuJxh(,z^/jKRyb^w4Fqc)]X?[`%)4#9IS!bQR)?7{'oiq 1u.pv2hYA;A!3aiG/NFDDaRO>{h4FrMJOY}Euf +S19=I z /TT0 363 0 R /P 464 0 R << endobj /S /L /P 10 0 R /P 386 0 R /TT5 361 0 R /P 10 0 R << /TT2 361 0 R /Pg 20 0 R /P 467 0 R endobj /P 389 0 R How honest is he and which of his past jobs can he point to? 0000001916 00000 n /K 96 endobj 233 0 obj /Font << /Lang (EN-GB) /S /P /Lang (EN-GB) /K 14 163 0 obj /S /LBody 194 0 obj endobj /Lang (EN-US) /Lang (EN-GB) << The integrated refinery and petrochemical project is expected to generate 9,500 direct and 25,000 indirect jobs. << In that case what should the architect base his judgement on. But the decision maker is the owner. /Lang (EN-GB) /P 10 0 R /S /P << 5 0 obj >> >> endobj >> /Font <> /Lang (EN-GB) endobj 162 0 R 163 0 R 164 0 R 165 0 R 166 0 R 167 0 R 168 0 R 169 0 R 170 0 R 171 0 R /S /L endobj /CS0 [/ICCBased 353 0 R] << /Pg 17 0 R /Pg 20 0 R >> Your email address will not be published. >> >> /K 3 /K 3 /P 459 0 R >> /Pg 18 0 R /P 10 0 R 275 0 obj endobj /P 471 0 R /K 1 << /P 10 0 R 45 0 obj << The substructure isnt treated as repetitive work but the superstructure is. endobj 288 0 obj 3 0 obj Required fields are marked *, School of Estate celebrates successful completion of her Real Estate Business Course 53rd Stream, The Affordable Mass Housing Provision N3trillion Pension Boost, Why cement price is highest in Kano, Lagos markets, Stakeholders query FGs costly housing prices nationwide. /Lang (EN-GB) /Pg 19 0 R /TT1 359 0 R /K 2 /S /P /P 10 0 R 290 0 obj >> The results revealed that the percentage of cost overruns ranged from a minimum of 5.56% with 90% project completion, and within 88% of the estimated time limit, to a maximum of 216.08% with merely 5% project completion, and within 8.3% of the estimated time limit. /P 456 0 R /S /LBody /K 7 It is expected to be the Africas biggest oil refinery and the worlds biggest single-train facility, upon completion in 2020. /S /P Weldone and all the best in your career abroad. << >> >> endobj /Lang (EN-GB) << /Lang (EN-GB) /K 86 But make sure you dont stretch your budget to the limit. 227 0 obj >> endobj /Parent 8 0 R 8,47kO:d^"fp`~. /K 75 /P 480 0 R /Contents 372 0 R 64 0 R 65 0 R 66 0 R 67 0 R 68 0 R 69 0 R 70 0 R 71 0 R null null << ETC can change in the course of design until the project is awarded and the total construction sum (TCS) is ascertained. >> The value I recommended was the average amount I derived from experience on institutional projects and used up till 2018. Whatever kind of material you are purchasing; make sure they will be ready when you need them, in their right amounts. endobj endobj endobj /Pg 20 0 R >Zg3c , >JJ`k9tD3J;me, !djaFaDzo#=/vX5@zU#{WY5{p,847*pCiTHq#iot6_%v>)J /TT3 356 0 R endobj << /S /LBody endobj >> /S /P << /K 29 /P 10 0 R /S /P /P 458 0 R endobj << >> /K 3 /P 456 0 R /Lang (EN-GB) /K 16 4. /Lang (EN-GB) /Lang (EN-US) /K 58 endobj /S /P /Lang (EN-GB) /P 10 0 R endobj /Lang (EN-GB) 270 0 obj Also, Repetitive reduction doesnt apply to external works, stage 3 fees (site supervision), or post-contract services of the project. /Lang (EN-GB) /S /P << /Pg 20 0 R 287 0 obj /K 38 /Type /Page /S /P /K 18 85 0 obj >> Make sure everyone is qualified for the job at hand and dont allow any contractor to decide for you. << 203 0 obj One of the things to put into cognizance if you are to supervise building projects is that you will always be expected to spend more at the end of the day, so earmark at least 20% of the estimate for your building for contingencies. The most important information required in fee calculation using the scale of fees is the estimated total cost (ETC) of construction. /S /P Get a capable and reputable contractor. 4 [73 0 R 74 0 R 75 0 R null null 130 0 R null null null 131 0 R /K 47 /Lang (EN-GB) 5 0 obj 57 0 obj >> endobj /K 119 /Lang (EN-US) >> >> 36 0 obj << /K 23 319 0 obj /Lang (EN-GB) << >> /S /P The Federal Lighter Terminal has 1670 meters and four berths operated by Intels. 346 0 obj /Lang (EN-GB) << /S /P /P 466 0 R 198 0 obj endobj /Pg 19 0 R 298 0 R 299 0 R 300 0 R 301 0 R 302 0 R 303 0 R 304 0 R 305 0 R 306 0 R 307 0 R /P 457 0 R Reimbursable expenses are 1% of the ETC, out of which the architect is entitled to 40% if it is a building project. /P 464 0 R >> endobj >> >> /Pg 20 0 R /Author (fat) >> /Lang (EN-GB) /S /LBody /Lang (EN-GB) 321 0 obj endobj /K 91 >> >> 142 0 obj /P 10 0 R << /Pg 20 0 R endobj /K 62 >> endobj << << 117 0 obj Over 60=10%. endobj /K 1 endobj endobj >> 272 0 obj 328 0 obj /TT0 363 0 R /S /P /K 71 /A 392 0 R << 55 0 obj >> /ColorSpace << /K 5 << /Lang (EN-GB) ] /Pg 23 0 R /K 5 This is the most common method of calculating fees. << /Pg 24 0 R /S /LBody /K 75 << endobj /Pg 20 0 R /Pg 20 0 R 260 0 obj /W 0 /Pg 24 0 R /Lang (EN-GB) 160 0 obj << /K [25 0 R 26 0 R 27 0 R 28 0 R 29 0 R 30 0 R 31 0 R 32 0 R 33 0 R 34 0 R endobj endstream endobj /P 10 0 R /Pg 20 0 R AJOL is a Non Profit Organisation that cannot function without donations. << endobj /TT1 359 0 R endobj << >> /K 26 endobj I also hope that ARCON, NIA and now ANCA will do more to provide value for us, their members and the profession of architecture. /Pg 24 0 R /Lang (EN-US) 185 0 obj >> /K 108 /K 5 149 0 obj /K 17 << This will help Architects ascertain their worth in the cause of practice. /P 492 0 R /K 111 /Pg 20 0 R /P 461 0 R /Lang (EN-GB) >> endobj endobj /Lang (EN-GB) /K 116 326 0 obj Thank you for your detailed breakdown. 35 0 obj /ColorSpace << /S /P << On building projects, Architects are aware they are to charge 4.75% but often wrongly apply it. /P 444 0 R /P 471 0 R >> /Pg 19 0 R endobj /Lang (EN-GB) /Rotate 0 /P 471 0 R /Lang (EN-GB) Nigeria holds the largest number of projects in West Africa with 21 projects (28%), valued at US$54.2bn (67.1% in US dollar value terms). << >> /Pg 20 0 R /P 507 0 R /P 10 0 R /Pg 20 0 R /P 454 0 R << 218 0 obj >> /K 94 /P 10 0 R /S /P >> endobj endobj /Diagram /Figure >> You are the boss and pay only when the job is satisfactory. >> << << /K 1 184 0 obj /Subtype /XML << /P 466 0 R /C2_0 374 0 R /K 85 /K 15 endobj /S /P /Pg 20 0 R /P 456 0 R 59 0 obj /K 3 /K 17 /P 458 0 R 1 0 obj /P 10 0 R /K 15 /ParentTree 11 0 R endobj endobj An integral part of management is monitoring. 341 0 obj /XObject << /Lang (EN-GB) endobj endobj /CropBox [0.0 0.0 595.2 841.92] /P 10 0 R /Lang (EN-GB) endobj /S /LBody /P 385 0 R /P 451 0 R /K 20 /Pg 21 0 R /Lang (EN-GB) endobj /Lang (EN-GB) << << /K 15 /P 465 0 R /S /P << endobj endobj endobj <> /Pg 22 0 R /Pg 21 0 R /S /P /CropBox [0.0 0.0 595.2 841.92] >> /S /P endobj << /K 3 /Pg 20 0 R << /K 10 0 R /P 10 0 R /S /P /Pg 20 0 R /Pg 23 0 R /Pg 20 0 R stream /P 466 0 R /F10 365 0 R /K 27 /Lang (EN-GB) /P 10 0 R /K 7 /S /P /P 10 0 R 83 0 R] To determine the effects of these trends as it affect the society To identify the causes of trends and how it . /K 2 endobj /S /P endobj 1 [37 0 R 38 0 R 39 0 R 40 0 R 41 0 R 42 0 R 43 0 R 44 0 R] /Lang (EN-GB) 27 0 obj /Lang (EN-GB) /Pg 14 0 R 121 0 obj /K 7 /P 464 0 R << 26 0 obj endobj /S /P /P 483 0 R /K [410 0 R 411 0 R 412 0 R 413 0 R 414 0 R 415 0 R] >> 304 0 obj /StructParents 7 /K 26 /Lang (EN-GB) /P 501 0 R /K 49 >> endobj 6 0 obj 75 0 R 76 0 R 77 0 R 78 0 R 79 0 R 80 0 R 81 0 R 82 0 R 83 0 R 84 0 R /TT5 375 0 R /K 20 /Pg 14 0 R /Type /Catalog endobj The scale of fee is applied on a sliding scale. endobj I explain very clearly, up front, to my clients that "Cost" includes all materials, labor, labor overhead, direct job overhead costs, i.e. /K 99 /Lang (EN-GB) M. Theodorakopoulos, C. Pasquire and P. Fitsilis, (2009), Investigating a new integrated cost management system within lean project delivery, Conference proceeding, COBRA 2009: RICS construction . The investigation included ongoing building-construction projects within Abuja, from which a sample of 30 building projects (public and private) was purposively selected (project value of ZAR100 million and above). 93 0 obj endobj 169 0 obj >> /S /P /Pg 20 0 R 107 0 obj /ModDate (D:20151028204217+03'00') >> This range may no longer be accurate today because of inflation. /Lang (EN-GB) /Pg 20 0 R /S /P >> <> endobj Checking the work plan the Contractor in connection with equipment that is used, the locations of construction material sources and ensure that the nature of the material and the contract is truly meet the requirements in the specification. Examples of Construction Supervision Fee in a sentence. /P 500 0 R /Rotate 0 /K 0 /Pg 20 0 R /P 10 0 R /Pg 21 0 R /P 468 0 R /P 10 0 R << 0000000696 00000 n /Pg 20 0 R /S /P << >> /Pg 20 0 R /Pg 20 0 R /P 436 0 R ii) Building projects are subject to limited budget. /K 2 /Parent 4 0 R << /Tabs /S 334 0 obj How did you come about this cost per sqm for projects in Nigeria >> 131 0 obj /Pg 21 0 R endobj /K 17 /Pg 21 0 R /Lang (EN-GB) endobj /Pg 20 0 R 8 . /K 9 % endobj /P 453 0 R /P 462 0 R /Lang (EN-US) /Lang (EN-US) << /K 77 >> in Building Process, Real Estate, Real Estate Articles /P 426 0 R /P 450 0 R endobj * Prepare and review project budgets, cost plans and cash flow projections. << /Pg 20 0 R /Length 759 /Pg 20 0 R << 43 0 obj /S /LBody /K 13 /C2_0 374 0 R /Pg 21 0 R 100 0 obj /Lang (EN-GB) /Lang (EN-GB) Next 30=20%. /S /P 170 0 obj endobj /Lang (EN-GB) /Rect [0.0 813.736 595.2 841.92] >> /K 34 /P 465 0 R >> /Lang (EN-GB) >> endobj /S /P /Pg 20 0 R /TT4 364 0 R >> /S /P /K 56 /Lang (EN-GB) /Pg 21 0 R endobj /K 69 /Length 734 /P 383 0 R endobj /S /P /K 0 /F12 367 0 R I am currently putting up a four flat storey building in warri and my architect who designed the building charged an additional N300k for the supervision to decking level. >> << >> >> /Pg 22 0 R >> /P 452 0 R /S /P /S /L /TT1 359 0 R /Pg 20 0 R Set to cost $1.5 billion, the Lagos Ibadan Railway Modernisation Project is among the largest construction projects in Nigeria. /P 453 0 R /Lang (EN-GB) << /S /P null null null 327 0 R null null null 328 0 R null null Fixing issues around your home can make it more efficient and comfortablenot to mention increase its value. /S /LBody /K 4 << << >> /Length 743 Fig 1.1 Map of Nigeria . /Lang (EN-GB) endobj 0000002282 00000 n /P 10 0 R /Lang (EN-US) << /D [20 0 R /XYZ 126 396 null] /P 471 0 R >> /P 481 0 R /Contents 382 0 R Lastly, in addition to the architects professional fee, he is also entitled to reimbursable expenses. /P 442 0 R << endobj /P 10 0 R 308 0 obj /K 24 This fee does not include accommodation if the project is beyond Bali, and if the job can not be completed within the time specified in the contract, will be charged extra as additional time for project completion. /ColorSpace << /Tabs /S Once you have ascertained the estimated total cost (ETC) of construction the next thing is to break it down. << /Lang (EN-GB) /Lang (EN-GB) << I am a result-oriented professional with 15+ years of Progressive Experience in Construction Project Management with roles in Estimating, Contract Administration, Vendor Management, Change & Claims Management and Project Controls of landmark Residential, ICI and Infrastructure projects cumulatively worth over CAD$1.50 Billion. Core Professional Strengths: Construction Cost & Contract . >> 94 0 R] There is so much misunderstanding about how to calculate the professional fees of architects and engineers in the building industry. >> /S /P << endobj Everyday tasks include working with and supervising both cost and planning engineers to develop work breakdown structures, performance analysis and provide recommendations and be the direct line of contact to the client for day to day activities. /K 12 /Pg 20 0 R /Lang (EN-US) endobj /Pg 20 0 R /Lang (EN-GB) >> 88 0 obj endobj /Pg 22 0 R /Contents [343 0 R 344 0 R 345 0 R 346 0 R 347 0 R 348 0 R 349 0 R 350 0 R 351 0 R 352 0 R] /Lang (EN-GB) /Resources << The major difference is in the percentage each consultant is entitled to. /K 2 317 0 obj << /S /P The calculations in this post were done using the 1996 condition of engagement for architects which is still commonly used today. /P 454 0 R /Pg 20 0 R /S /P /S /P endobj /Filter /FlateDecode /K 29 /P 462 0 R /S /P Though there was some structural problems during the first phase( i.e to decking level), I must admit all went well. /K 24 endobj >> Take the total and that is your total professional fee. /P 494 0 R endobj 115 0 R 116 0 R 117 0 R 118 0 R 119 0 R 120 0 R 121 0 R 122 0 R 123 0 R 124 0 R endobj << /S /P /Lang (EN-GB) >> A competent professional with 12 years of experience in supervision,estimation and planning of building structure, interior fit outs, road & infra structure works. Handed over residential project of 354 villas (Sipchem Home Ownership Program) including interior fit outs. Last experience was with industrial construction comprises of Project & maintenance for three units of total . /S /P To avoid disasters, make sure your contractor stipulates his health measures for his workers especially in a large building. >> null 324 0 R null null null 325 0 R null null null 326 0 R 135 0 obj /Lang (EN-GB) /P 465 0 R endobj >> /Lang (EN-GB) << /Rotate 0 /S /L /K [421 0 R 422 0 R 423 0 R 424 0 R 425 0 R] endobj /Parent 9 0 R /P 10 0 R repetition of work because of an error or image quality jobs that do not /S /P endobj << /K 65 >> /Pg 22 0 R When architects are hired to perform services beyond their normal services or contract period, then they are entitled to remuneration based on time charges. /TT0 363 0 R /K 112 /Lang (EN-GB) /Pg 20 0 R /Pg 20 0 R /CropBox [0.0 0.0 595.2 841.92] << /S /P For the selection of building's project contractor is significant the ratio among quality and cost, which should be 60 % versus 40 %. /S /P endobj 47 0 obj /K 9 /K [426 0 R 427 0 R 428 0 R 429 0 R 430 0 R 431 0 R 432 0 R 433 0 R 434 0 R 435 0 R endobj >> endobj 178 0 obj /K 66 /TT3 361 0 R /Pg 24 0 R << endobj /Pg 18 0 R /Pg 16 0 R /K [387 0 R 388 0 R 389 0 R 390 0 R 391 0 R] >> /K 4 >> /Pg 20 0 R /Lang (EN-GB) >> >> endobj /P 10 0 R 246 0 obj >> /Type /Outlines endobj Carry out checks on the construction materials required to obtain assurance that the work has been carried out in accordance with the specifications. /Pg 20 0 R /TT2 356 0 R /Pg 20 0 R /P 457 0 R It is not an absolute amount. /Lang (EN-GB) endobj << >> /K 82 << 206 0 obj What the Nigerian method of fee calculation can learn from Canada. /Lang (EN-GB) /Lang (EN-US) /S /P >> << << 222 0 R 223 0 R 224 0 R 225 0 R 226 0 R 227 0 R 228 0 R 229 0 R 230 0 R 231 0 R /K 27 << /Lang (EN-GB) endobj endobj /Lang (EN-GB) K8\Bk4q/8Ql[gk_]GHi$q /i~$GFVpwbuSPY5?,j~6>I(I'GovHK5CC. % 0000010280 00000 n /S /P /K 123 /Lang (EN-US) From the table above, an architect commissioned to undertake a project with an estimated total cost (ETC) of N18,200,500 will be entitled to a professional fee of N823,521.25. /P 448 0 R /S /P >> endobj /Tabs /S 21 0 obj /S /P /Lang (EN-GB) When your contractor is offering you a deal that is too sweet and too generous to your purse, then you may be heading for disaster. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that continuous investigation into, and analyses of cost overruns at stages of building projects would encourage professionals to apply the best mitigation measures, in order to achieve a significant reduction in the total cost overrun at the completion of a project. /TT2 361 0 R /Lang (EN-GB) /Lang (EN-GB) /K 25 /S /P /P 451 0 R /S /P << /P 496 0 R endobj endobj << 157 0 obj /P 10 0 R /S /P 34 0 obj endobj It is a 650,000 barrels per day (bpd) integrated refinery and petrochemical project under construction in the Lekki Free Zone near Lagos, Nigeria. << /Lang (EN-US) Why not Choosing Vibrant Colors for Bali Architectural Floor Tiling? 188 0 obj endobj >> /S /P >> /Lang (EN-GB) The quantitative technique was adopted in this study. /P 471 0 R << 39 20 >> Thanks a million. endobj 0000006153 00000 n The decking should be completed in October after the rains. /S /P endobj /P 450 0 R /Font << It is no news that architects are being cheated by client due to the fact that most architect,in a bid to win project, often ignore or circumvent normal procedures. /Pg 21 0 R /K 59 /S /P /Lang (EN-GB) Your donation is guaranteed to directly contribute to Africans sharing their research output with a global readership. /S /P /Lang (EN-GB) << 84 0 obj /Lang (EN-GB) }$p>7Prv"eB;lBn+JKzb;:r~1Zx S)Sp,|^(Q]Q=DB` @YMt2tI(hH\*[G >^FEfaS3k6y0Rx?rQ9 5=vb3&yH3{!4r:.4L- :$LT}2qw=>{nTc%tNq&e0XNfm;!}y#p0M:[peV;t$*IiF+ eQX /*q"LNDVJ*MFWy|M^v:V|NhgYS 7r6lZ^Kx8uuBBF^+Z>}?XMsN{;h45 ~s /Pg 20 0 R And whenever there is a change in the revision of which reached 30% of the initial draft design has been approved at the beginning of design work will be charged an additional fee in accordance with the changes that occur. Today, over 110 companies operate in the zone that have made significant contributions to Nigerias economy through their businesses of pipe-coating, selling pipes, treating waste, and building boats as well as other activities. endobj 265 0 obj /Parent 8 0 R The Port of Onne Complex contains two major terminals: the Federal Ocean Terminal and the Federal Lighter Terminal.